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Antimicrobials
Infants present with non-specific signs and symptoms, therefore a HIGH INDEX of suspicion is required
UTI suspected in
All infants and children with unexplained fever ≥ 38.5ºC
Infants and children with an alternative site of infection who remain unwell
Infants and children with signs and symptoms suggestive of UTI
Urine sample should be tested for infection if
Infant or child:
Presents with unexplained fever ≥ 38ºC (test within 48 hours)
Has signs and symptoms suggestive of UTI
Definitive diagnosis should be based on
Urinalysis results that suggest infection (pyuria and /or bacteriuria), AND
Positive urine culture
In the absence of pyuria
UTI may be present if the urine is collected early in the disease before the inflammatory response has developed
Infants < 3 Months
Infants and Children ≥3 Months - Preverbal
Infants and Children ≥3 Months - Verbal
Urine Testing
If urine cannot be cultured within 4 hours of collection, the sample should be refrigerated immediately or preserved with boric acid
Bacteriuria alone without symptoms should not be regarded as UTI
When urgent microscopy is not available, dipstick testing may be substituted
Please consult the MPS guidelines for recommendations on urinary tract imaging
