Spectrum: Local Antimicrobial Stewardship, for Prisma Health Children’s Hospital-Midlands

Nitrofurantoin

C. diff Risk

Low

Oral Bioavailability

Good (70 to 90%)

Approximate Cost

$

Spectrum Of Activity

General Spectrum of Activity

Spectrum Of Activity

Dosing

Pediatric

Renal

Use is contraindicated in CrCl< 60 mL/min. Renally cleared, requires dosage adjustment with changes in renal function. Consult a pharmacist for renal dosing

General Information

Common Usage

Common Usage

Uncomplicated cystitis in patients with normal renal function

Adverse Effects

Adverse Effects

Interstitial pneumonitis and fibrosis esp. with prolonged use

Peripheral neuropathy

Additional Information

Additional Information

Does not provide adequate renal concentrations for treatment of systemic infections (i.e urosepsis, pyelonephritis); appropriate for cystitis and/or urinary prophylaxis.

Pharmacology

Pharmacology

Antimicrobial class: Nitrofuran

Average serum half life:
No pediatric data.
Adults: 20 to 60 minutes and is prolonged with renal impairment

Route of Elimination: As metabolites and unchanged drug (40%) in the urine and small amounts in the bile; renal excretion is via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion