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Antimicrobials
Antibiotic resistance is a major concern when children are given chronic antibiotic prophylaxis.
All patients with high grade reflux or documented recurrent urinary tract infections should be referred to urology.
Antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended by urology or nephrology in specific clinical situations and for specific time periods.
In addition to investigating any urologic cause, diagnosis and management of bowel and bladder dysfunction remains a cornerstone of prevention.
Trimethoprim 2-3 mg/kg/day given BID up to 6 weeks of age then as a single daily dose
OR
Cephalexin 15 mg/kg/day given BID up to 6 weeks of age then as a single daily dose
Nitrofurantoin 1-2 mg/kg/day as a single daily dose (greater than 1 month only)
Sulfamethoxazole - Trimethoprim 2-3 mg/kg/day of TMP component as a single daily dose (greater than 1 month only)
